Wedge vertebrae in dogs: causes, symptoms & treatment

Wedge vertebrae in dogs are an extremely serious orthopaedic problem that can severely impair quality of life. This article sheds light on what wedge vertebrae exactly are, how they arise and which breeds are particularly affected. We also look at the possible consequences of a compression of the spinal cord and the important question of when an operation becomes necessary. We explain how affected dogs can be helped in a caring way, in order to preserve their mobility and their joy in movement in the long term.

What exactly are wedge vertebrae

Wedge vertebrae in dogs are occasionally also referred to as wedge spine or ham vertebrae. It is an orthopaedic condition in which the vertebrae in the dog's spine have a deformed, wedge-shaped structure. This deformation often leads to a painful narrowing of the spinal cord and can cause serious health problems, which we will go into in detail in the further course.

What are the causes of wedge vertebrae

The exact causes of wedge vertebrae have not yet been fully clarified scientifically. Since these malformations are inherited, however, genetic factors play a quite decisive role. In our daily counselling we see that some breeds, owing to their anatomical features, additionally have a significantly higher risk of these malformations of the vertebral bodies. I would like to emphasise that an early X-ray examination can provide clarity here.

Which dog breeds are particularly affected

Certain dog breeds are, owing to their breeding history, more susceptible to wedge vertebrae than others. These include above all breeds such as the Dachshund, Welsh Corgis and Shih Tzus. French Bulldogs and larger breeds such as the German Shepherd and the German Shorthaired Pointer are also more frequently affected. The anatomical structure and the breeding-related genetic predisposition make these animals more susceptible to problems of the spine. A consistent exclusion of affected animals from breeding is essential in order to minimise the spread of this condition.

Consequences of a compression of the spinal cord

The narrowing of the spinal cord by deformed vertebrae can lead to serious health problems. The symptoms range from acute pain, lameness and muscle weakness to paralysis, trembling and incontinence. Depending on which part of the spinal cord is affected, the deficits in the animal vary. There is also a symptom-free course, which, however, in our experience is rather rarely observed.

• Pain in the area of the spine and a high sensitivity to touch
• Coordination disorders and an unsteady gait, especially of the hind legs
• Visible muscle wasting on the legs due to a lack of signal transmission
• In very severe cases, complete paralysis of the musculoskeletal system

When is an operation on the vertebrae necessary

The decision for a surgical procedure depends on the severity of the symptoms and the degree of compression of the spinal cord. A veterinary practice will usually use modern imaging techniques such as X-rays and magnetic resonance imaging to make the diagnosis reliably and to assess the condition. In severe cases in which the spinal cord is considerably narrowed and the dog shows massive pain or paralysis, an operation may be necessary in order to relieve the spine in a caring way.

Support through targeted physiotherapy

Physiotherapy for dogs is an indispensable part of the treatment and the subsequent recovery. It can actively help the dog to regain its mobility and its accustomed quality of life. An experienced physiotherapy specialist can recommend tailored exercises and therapies that strengthen the muscles and relieve the spine. Early detection and the right nutritional support of the nerves and joints can help the animal to lead a pain-free and happy life.

This article serves as general information and by no means replaces a visit to a veterinary practice. If wedge vertebrae are suspected, expert advice should always be consulted.